Abstract
As autonomous systems, from self-driving cars to complex robotic assistants, become increasingly integrated into our lives, the role of human-machine interaction (HMI) takes center stage. This article delves into the evolving landscape of HMI in autonomous systems, exploring key research areas, design principles, and challenges in ensuring safe, efficient, and trust-worthy collaboration between humans and machines. Understanding the intricacies of this dynamic relationship is crucial for navigating the potential pitfalls and unlocking the full potential of autonomous systems for societal benefit.