Abstract
Water scarcity, pollution, and population growth pose critical challenges to global water security. Membrane technology has emerged as a powerful tool for addressing these issues, offering efficient and sustainable solutions for water treatment. This article delves into the exciting advancements in membrane technology, showcasing the evolution of membrane materials, processes, and applications. We explore key advances in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, highlighting their roles in purifying water for diverse uses ranging from drinking water to industrial wastewater treatment. By examining the potential and challenges of this transformative technology, we pave the way for a future where clean water is accessible to all.